Land Conflicts in Indonesia Because the Netherlands and The Leadership of President Suharto

JAKARTA-A lot of expectations of various parties to the conflict not to break ground in March. One of them is from the Consortium for Agrarian Reform (KPA).Yes, integrated team handling land disputes that formed North Sumatra provincial government and other relevant institutions, could perhaps make the mapping conflict that made the KPA as an important input. KPA identified, there are two areas in North Sumatra which is a hot area of ​​land disputes.First, the area is a former plantation that diba Deli Dutch built in 1917 down. Area, among others menca coup east coast of North Sumatra. "Starting from Asahan, Binjai, Deliserdang, to a much Pematangsiantar," said Deputy Secretary General of the KPA, Iwan NurdinnHeading to the North Sumatra on Wednesday (18 / 1).
 

The model for this region concerning the dispute ex-plantation land the Dutch period, which was nationalized in the early era of independence became PTPN land. Dutch took land from communal land and or indigenous peoples.Subsequently, in 1979 had no land redistribution efforts, which according to the Basic Agrarian Law, the land occupied by residents must be removed from the plantation area. Previously, the 1960's, there are a number of letters issued land reform. Most land in North Sumatra land reform have gotten this letter. "But because there are political problems, the ground never to be distributed, but instead return to PTPN. This should fit the type of conflict resolved itself, "beber Iwan.The second is the conflict in the area of ​​plantation land whose licenses issued in the New Order era until the present era. This is usually palm oil and timber land. Area is mostly in the southern region Tapanuli. Source of conflict over the issue is released into the forest plantation area, but there was arable land or indigenous communities. Also triggered problems with plasma nucleus estate company.Iwan explained, in the second heat of this region, conflicts can arise in several phases. The first phase is the phase of the normative form of permission given to plantation location by the regents or governors, business license authority estates where there are areas on the basis of regulation of agriculture ministers, and the right to cultivate (HGU) the authority is in BPN.The types of conflict in this phase is overlapped with the population of land, compensation is not fair to the people whose land was annexed estates until the defective HGU certificate issuance procedures.The second phase, still according to Iwan, is the phase of plantation development.

Many communities are invited to become partners plantations and agricultural land handed them to join in the plasma core of the plantation.Often these agreements are not favorable plasma farmers, closed, even manipulative. But in the absence of a companion of the society they finally signed a MoU with the plantation.In this process, continued Iwan, should local governments and agricultural service exists to protect citizens in order not to be deceived or understand correctly the scheme offered by the company."Therefore, it is often found, these lands are handed over to the plantation community garden to be built just a lot of plasma that entered into HGU certificate company," he explained.So, when people receive plasma away from the location of their land instead of homes, their farms instead of earlier, less good fertility, the type of quality seeds at random, until a small number of plants than it should.Furthermore, many farmers are not getting the promised land for plantations fill the plasma with a list of names of others, a list of fictitious names to unscrupulous officials and dignitaries. "No wonder the land conflict became increasingly chaotic, disheveled and in completing many of the interests involved," said alumni of the University of Islam Indonesia (UII) Jogjakarta it. 

In the third phase is the phase of production. Iwan explained, usually conflicts with farmers plantations since the determination of the purchase price by a company that is not fair and levies high harvest. Yet these farmers have to pay the loan installments plasma. "Finally, because the frustration is high, many farmers choose to have their lands returned to normal just like before the influx of oil," said activist who long to land issues that concern."The phases of this conflict often occurs in conflict garden. This occurs because the plantation business is not being watched properly by the government, "he added.When Farmer Demands PromiseIn Langkat, hundreds of farmers staged in the regent district. This action held the day after memorial Day Ke262 Langkat. Hundreds of farmers demanding the settlement of their dispute is usurped by PTPN-2 and private companies, on Wednesday (18 / 1)

.Accompanied by the management element of Indonesian Peasant Union (ISU) of North Sumatra, at the front gate of the regent's office, a period that comes with the orderly but still got a tight escort of police force. "In fact, almost all the awards received Langkat regency of his achievement, not apart from the hard work of farmers. Therefore we ask Regency promptly resolve the issue of land confiscation by companies, "they shouted in his oration.Through some delegates, who then received Secretary Langkat Djahisa Surya in the boardroom, farmers deliver a detailed chronology of those deprived of their land issues. Of the four cases was carried, pants recorded their 1657 acres of land called by the company PTPN2 and private companies. First, an area of ​​554 hectares located in the Village Blooms Wampu Jaya District. Then, 203.46 acres located in the Village District of Palm Across Litur Sei is now controlled PTPN2. Do not miss the land area of ​​350 hectares in One Hajj, which is now owned by PT Bukit Asam Indo. And lastly, as much as 350 acres in the village of Lower Attacking Jaya. In response, the direct Surya asked the National Land Agency (BPN) Langkat explain it. Unfortunately, the Head of BPN Langkat, Nurhayati, pleaded not bring the file. "In order not wrong. We are scheduled to meet in my office, yes gentlemen, "said Nurhayati.Meanwhile, North Sumatra Police through the Special Criminal Investigation Directorate (DIT Reskrimsus) motivate the City (Pemko) field to quickly menyeselesaikan problem of land disputes. It is said Director of DIT Reskrimsus Poldasu, Comr Budi Nugroho Sadono to North Sumatra Post, yesterday afternoon when providing data on the number of land that are currently in dispute to the Mayor of Medan Rahudman Harahap.He said that, due to data problems of land disputes that exist in North Sumatra owned by the police, the mayor of Medan requested material to the soil data. "Existing data on the amount of land we have thousands of problems," he said. 

He said the investigation is conducted Poldasu can not work alone without any support from relevant agencies. "We expect that the land issue is not to be much bigger," he concluded. (Sam/mag-4/adl)Binjai and Paluta VolatileFormer land rights conflicts (HGU) PTPN 2 Sei Semayang in Binjai City continues. In fact, people who are members of several groups of farmers, collided with a PT Durahman so-called rule the land ex HGU PTPN 2 Sei Semayang, especially in the Village Tunggurono, and Mencirim, Eastern District of Binjai."Why do I say PT Durahman already ruled the former HGU land it? Because now he is claiming to have rights under the license from the City of principle (Pemko) Binjai, year 2008 ago, "said Mahmud Karim, chairman of Farmers Market IV and V, Eastern District of Binjai.Further explained Mahmud Karim, PT Durahman already planting ex HGU PTPN 2 Sei Semayang precisely at Shooting Range, Binjai East, with an area of ​​approximately 150 hectares. "Society or other farmer groups, it becomes difficult to take charge of the land. As a result, local people were forced to take a wage for work on land that has dominated the PT, "said Mahmud Karim.Meanwhile, Deputy Mayor Binjai, Timbas Tarigan, when related to the company confirmed that it intended citizen farmer explained that PT Durahman not have rights to the land ex-HGU, is. "As long as there is no decision of the corresponding PT Durahman intansi no land rights of ex HGU Binjai PTPN 2 in the City," said Tarin Timbas via his cell to the Sumatra Post, yesterday.In addition, Timbas Tarigan also explained, PT Durahman it can master the former HGU land when it meets criteria of intansi related, such as state-owned enterprises and others. "Can not it just tight control of the land. Moreover, only by virtue of the letter alone. Because, Pemko Binjai also make RT / RW for the expansion of the City, which is also located in the area or they mean, "he said.Touched by the letters PT Durahman assignment given to a citizen Tunggurono, which was mentioned named Suyono, to master, maintain and cultivate the land ex HGU PTPN 2, Timbas Tarigan immediately outraged. "Who Suyono? Even if people resisted, then he (Suyono, Red) what? Therefore, the existing permit in principle can not be recognized PT Durahman validity. Possibly, such as PT Durahman this letter, widely circulated in the community, "said Timbas.For that, said Timbas, the only solution in anticipation of clashes in the field, people must patiently wait for the results of coordination meetings conducted in the province of a few days ago. "Now it intansi related in the province is working on existing problems to be resolved. What is clear, it is a step by step towards the completion of it, "said Timbas.Timbas also appealed to the public, not easy to buy land for former HGU PTPN 2 with prices that reached Rp 5 million per patoknya. "We do not want people being lied to. Has run out of money, land can not be, and bleeding again. Worse yet, the person in charge of the future rather than society, but the rulers or the mafia in this land of conflict, "he explained.Meanwhile, at the Tanjung Jati sugar cane plantation, is still prone to clashes between citizens and parties PTPN 2. Because the parties PTPN 2 Tanjung Jati, claims will repel people if the land was entered into HGU PTPN 2. "The land that commanded the people that still have the HGU. If they still come in, yes we still drive out to keep the land that is still within our responsibility, "said manager PTPN 2 Tanjung Jati, T Tampubolon. (And)Map of Land Conflict in North SumatraFirstThe area is a former plantation built Deli down the Dutch in 1917. Area include the east coast of North Sumatra.

   
1. Asahan
   
2. Binjai
   
3. Deliserdang
   
4. Pematangsiantar
The model for this region concerning the dispute ex-plantation land the Dutch period, which was nationalized in the early era of independence became PTPN land.SecondPlantation area which permits are issued in the New Order era until the present era. This is usually palm oil and timber land. Area is mostly in the southern region Tapanuli.The model dispute concerning the issue that is released into the forest plantation area, but there are arable lands or indigenous communities. Also triggered problems with plasma nucleus estate company.Conflict Phase

   
1. Location Permit Phase
      
Problem: Permission plantation business is the regional authority on the basis of regulation of agriculture     minister while the right to cultivate (HGU) is the authority of the BPN.
   
2. Garden Development Phase
      
Problem: Many communities are invited to become partners plantations and agricultural land handed them to join in the plasma core of the plantation. Often these agreements are not favorable plasma farmers, closed, even manipulative.
   
3. Production Phase.
      
Problem: Determination of the purchase price by a company that is not fair and levies high harvest. Yet these farmers have to pay the loan installments plasma.
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